xref: /lsquic/src/liblsquic/lsquic_crt_compress.c

/* Copyright (c) 2017 - 2022 LiteSpeed Technologies Inc.  See LICENSE. */
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <zlib.h>

#include <openssl/ssl.h>
#ifndef WIN32
#else
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <vc_compat.h>
#endif

#include "lsquic_int_types.h"
#include "lsquic_crypto.h"
#include "lsquic_crt_compress.h"
#include "lsquic_util.h"

#include "lsquic_str.h"

#include "common_cert_set_2.c"
#include "common_cert_set_3.c"

/*
 * common_cert_sub_strings contains ~1500 bytes of common certificate substrings
 * as a dictionary of zlib from the Alexa Top 5000 set.
 */
static const unsigned char common_cert_sub_strings[] = {
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};

#define common_certs_num 2
const common_cert_t common_cert_set[common_certs_num] = {
    {common_certs2_num, common_certs2, common_certs2_lens, common_certs2_hash},
    {common_certs3_num, common_certs3, common_certs3_lens, common_certs3_hash},
};


static lsquic_str_t *s_ccsbuf;

static int
match_common_cert (lsquic_str_t * cert, lsquic_str_t * common_set_hashes,
        uint64_t* out_hash, uint32_t* out_index);

int
lsquic_crt_init (void)
{
    unsigned i;

    s_ccsbuf = lsquic_str_new(NULL, 0);
    if (!s_ccsbuf)
        return -1;
    for (i=0 ;i<common_certs_num; ++i)
    {
        if (0 != lsquic_str_append(s_ccsbuf, (const char *)&common_cert_set[i].hash, 8))
            return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}


lsquic_str_t *
lsquic_get_common_certs_hash()
{
    return s_ccsbuf;
}


/* return 0 found, -1 not found */
int
lsquic_get_common_cert(uint64_t hash, uint32_t index, lsquic_str_t *buf)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < common_certs_num; i++)
    {
        if (common_cert_set[i].hash == hash)
        {
            if (index < common_cert_set[i].num_certs)
            {
                lsquic_str_setto(buf, (const char *) common_cert_set[i].certs[index],
                         common_cert_set[i].lens[index]);
                return 0;
            }
            break;
        }
    }
    return -1;
}


static int
comp_ls_str (lsquic_str_t * a, const void * b, size_t b_len)
{
    size_t a_len;
    int r;

    a_len = lsquic_str_len(a);
    r = memcmp(lsquic_str_buf(a), b, a_len < b_len ? a_len : b_len);
    if (r)
        return r;
    else
        return (a_len > b_len) - (b_len > a_len);
}


/* 0, matched -1, error */
static int
match_common_cert (lsquic_str_t * cert, lsquic_str_t * common_set_hashes,
        uint64_t* out_hash, uint32_t* out_index)
{
    size_t i, j;
    int n;
    uint64_t hash;
    size_t min, max, mid;

    if (lsquic_str_len(common_set_hashes) % sizeof(uint64_t) != 0)
        return -1;

    for (i = 0; i < lsquic_str_len(common_set_hashes) / sizeof(uint64_t); i++)
    {
        memcpy(&hash, lsquic_str_buf(common_set_hashes) + i * sizeof(uint64_t),
               sizeof(uint64_t));

        for (j = 0; j < common_certs_num; j++)
        {
            if (common_cert_set[j].hash != hash)
                continue;

            if (common_cert_set[j].num_certs == 0)
                continue;

            min = 0;
            max = common_cert_set[j].num_certs - 1;
            while (max >= min)
            {
                mid = min + ((max - min) / 2);
                n = comp_ls_str(cert, common_cert_set[j].certs[mid],
                                 common_cert_set[j].lens[mid]);
                if (n < 0)
                {
                    if (mid == 0)
                        break;
                    max = mid - 1;
                }
                else if (n > 0)
                    min = mid + 1;
                else
                {
                    *out_hash = hash;
                    *out_index = mid;
                    return 0;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return -1;
}


/* result is written to dict */
static void
make_zlib_dict_for_entries(cert_entry_t *entries,
                                lsquic_str_t **certs, size_t certs_count,
                                lsquic_str_t *dict)
{
    int i;
    size_t zlib_dict_size = 0;
    for (i = certs_count - 1; i >= 0; --i)
    {
        if (entries[i].type != ENTRY_COMPRESSED)
        {
            zlib_dict_size += lsquic_str_len(certs[i]);
        }
    }

    // At the end of the dictionary is a block of common certificate substrings.
    zlib_dict_size += sizeof(common_cert_sub_strings);

    for (i = certs_count - 1; i >= 0; --i)
    {
        if (entries[i].type != ENTRY_COMPRESSED)
        {
            lsquic_str_append(dict, lsquic_str_buf(certs[i]), lsquic_str_len(certs[i]));
        }
    }

    lsquic_str_append(dict, (const char *)common_cert_sub_strings, sizeof(common_cert_sub_strings));
    assert((size_t)lsquic_str_len(dict) == zlib_dict_size);
}


static
void get_certs_hash(lsquic_str_t *certs, size_t certs_count, uint64_t *hashs)
{
    size_t i;
    for(i = 0; i < certs_count; ++i)
    {
        hashs[i] = lsquic_fnv1a_64((const uint8_t *)lsquic_str_buf(&certs[i]), lsquic_str_len(&certs[i]));
    }
}


static void get_certs_entries(lsquic_str_t **certs, size_t certs_count,
                              lsquic_str_t *client_common_set_hashes,
                              lsquic_str_t *client_cached_cert_hashes,
                              cert_entry_t *entries)
{
    size_t i;
    int j;
    cert_entry_t *entry;
    uint64_t hash, cached_hash;
    bool cached;

    const bool cached_valid = (lsquic_str_len(client_cached_cert_hashes) % sizeof(uint64_t) == 0)
                                && (lsquic_str_len(client_cached_cert_hashes) > 0);

    assert(&entries[certs_count - 1]);

    for (i = 0; i<certs_count; ++i)
    {
        entry = &entries[i];
        if (cached_valid)
        {
            cached = false;
            hash = lsquic_fnv1a_64((const uint8_t *)lsquic_str_buf(certs[i]), lsquic_str_len(certs[i]));

            for (j = 0; j < (int)lsquic_str_len(client_cached_cert_hashes);
                 j += sizeof(uint64_t))
            {
                memcpy(&cached_hash, lsquic_str_buf(client_cached_cert_hashes) + j,
                       sizeof(uint64_t));
                if (hash != cached_hash)
                    continue;

                entry->type = ENTRY_CACHED;
                entry->hash = hash;
                cached = true;
                break;
            }

            if (cached)
                continue;
        }

        if (0 == match_common_cert(certs[i], client_common_set_hashes,
            &entry->set_hash, &entry->index))
        {
            entry->type = ENTRY_COMMON;
            continue;
        }

        entry->type = ENTRY_COMPRESSED;
   }
}

static size_t
get_entries_size(cert_entry_t *entries, size_t entries_count)
{
    size_t i;
    size_t entries_size = 0;
    for(i=0; i<entries_count; ++i)
    {
        entries_size++;
        switch (entries[i].type)
        {
        case ENTRY_COMPRESSED:
            break;
        case ENTRY_CACHED:
            entries_size += sizeof(uint64_t);
            break;
        case ENTRY_COMMON:
            entries_size += sizeof(uint64_t) + sizeof(uint32_t);
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
    }
    entries_size++;  /* for end marker */
    return entries_size;
}

static
void serialize_cert_entries(uint8_t* out, int *out_len, cert_entry_t *entries,
                            size_t entries_count)
{
    size_t i;
    uint8_t *start = out;
    for(i=0; i<entries_count; ++i)
    {
        *out++ = (uint8_t)(entries[i].type);
        switch (entries[i].type)
        {
        case ENTRY_COMPRESSED:
            break;
        case ENTRY_CACHED:
            memcpy(out, &entries[i].hash, sizeof(uint64_t));
            out += sizeof(uint64_t);
            break;
        case ENTRY_COMMON:
            memcpy(out, &entries[i].set_hash, sizeof(uint64_t));
            out += sizeof(uint64_t);
            memcpy(out, &entries[i].index, sizeof(uint32_t));
            out += sizeof(uint32_t);
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
    }

    *out++ = 0;  // end marker
    *out_len = out - start;
}


int
lsquic_get_certs_count (const struct compressed_cert *ccert)
{
    const unsigned char *in = ccert->buf;
    const unsigned char *in_end = in + ccert->len;
    size_t idx = 0;
    uint8_t type_byte;

    for (;;)
    {
        if (in >= in_end)
            return -1;

        type_byte = in[0];
        ++in;
        if (type_byte == 0)
            break;

        ++idx;
        switch(type_byte)
        {
        case ENTRY_COMPRESSED:
            break;
        case ENTRY_CACHED:
        {
            if (in_end - in < (int)sizeof(uint64_t))
                return -1;
            in += sizeof(uint64_t);
            break;
        }
        case ENTRY_COMMON:
        {
            if (in_end - in < (int)(sizeof(uint64_t) + sizeof(uint32_t)))
                return -1;
            in += sizeof(uint64_t) + sizeof(uint32_t);
            break;
        }
        default:
            return -1;
        }
    }
    return idx;
}


/* return 0: OK, -1, error */
static int parse_entries(const unsigned char **in_out, const unsigned char *const in_end,
                         lsquic_str_t *cached_certs, size_t cached_certs_count,
                         cert_entry_t *out_entries,
                         lsquic_str_t **out_certs, size_t *out_certs_count)
{
    const unsigned char *in = *in_out;
    size_t idx = 0;
    uint64_t* cached_hashes;
    cert_entry_t *entry;
    lsquic_str_t *cert;
    uint8_t type_byte;
    int rv;
    size_t i;

    cached_hashes = NULL;

    for (;;)
    {
        /* XXX potential invalid read */
        type_byte = in[0];
        ++in;

        if (type_byte == 0)
            break;

        entry = &out_entries[idx];
        cert = out_certs[idx];
        /* XXX This seems dangerous -- there is no guard that `idx' does not
         * exceed `out_certs_count'.
         */
        lsquic_str_d(cert);

        ++idx;
        entry->type = type_byte;
        switch (entry->type)
        {
        case ENTRY_COMPRESSED:
            break;
        case ENTRY_CACHED:
        {
            memcpy(&entry->hash, in, sizeof(uint64_t));
            in += sizeof(uint64_t);

            if (!cached_hashes)
            {
                cached_hashes = malloc(cached_certs_count * sizeof(uint64_t));;
                if (!cached_hashes)
                    goto err;
                get_certs_hash(cached_certs, cached_certs_count, cached_hashes);
            }

            for (i=0; i<cached_certs_count; ++i)
            {
                if (cached_hashes[i] == entry->hash)
                {
                    lsquic_str_append(cert, lsquic_str_buf(&cached_certs[i]),
                                  lsquic_str_len(&cached_certs[i]));
                    break;
                }
            }
            /* XXX: return -1 if not found?  Logic removed in
                                4fd7e76bc031ac637e76c7f0930aff53f5b71705 */
            break;
        }
        case ENTRY_COMMON:
        {
            memcpy(&entry->set_hash, in, sizeof(uint64_t));
            in += sizeof(uint64_t);
            memcpy(&entry->index, in, sizeof(uint32_t));
            in += sizeof(uint32_t);

            if (0 == lsquic_get_common_cert(entry->set_hash, entry->index, cert))
                break;
            else
                goto err;
        }
        default:
            goto err;
        }
    }

    rv = 0;
    *in_out = in;
    *out_certs_count = idx;

  cleanup:
    free(cached_hashes);
    return rv;

  err:
    rv = -1;
    goto cleanup;
}


struct compressed_cert *
lsquic_compress_certs (lsquic_str_t **certs, size_t certs_count,
                   lsquic_str_t *client_common_set_hashes,
                   lsquic_str_t *client_cached_cert_hashes)
{
    size_t i;
    size_t uncompressed_size = 0, compressed_size = 0 ;
    z_stream z;
    lsquic_str_t *dict;
    size_t entries_size, result_length;
    int out_len;
    uint8_t* out;
    uint32_t tmp_size_32;
    cert_entry_t *entries;
    struct compressed_cert *ccert;

    ccert = NULL;
    entries = malloc(sizeof(cert_entry_t) * certs_count);
    if (!entries)
        return NULL;

    dict = lsquic_str_new(NULL, 0);
    if (!dict)
        goto err;

    get_certs_entries(certs, certs_count, client_common_set_hashes,
                              client_cached_cert_hashes, entries);

    for (i = 0; i < certs_count; i++)
    {
        if (entries[i].type == ENTRY_COMPRESSED)
        {
             /*uint32_t length + cert content*/
            uncompressed_size += 4 + lsquic_str_len(certs[i]);
        }
    }

    if (uncompressed_size > 0)
    {
        memset(&z, 0, sizeof(z));
        if (Z_OK != deflateInit(&z, Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION))
            goto err;

        make_zlib_dict_for_entries(entries, certs, certs_count, dict);
        if(Z_OK != deflateSetDictionary(&z, (const unsigned char *)lsquic_str_buf(dict), lsquic_str_len(dict)))
            goto err;
        compressed_size = deflateBound(&z, uncompressed_size);
    }

    entries_size = get_entries_size(entries, certs_count);
    result_length = entries_size + (uncompressed_size > 0 ? 4 : 0) +
                    compressed_size;
    ccert = malloc(sizeof(*ccert) + result_length);
    if (!ccert)
        goto err;
    ccert->refcnt = 0;

    out = ccert->buf;
    serialize_cert_entries(out, &out_len, entries, certs_count);
    out += entries_size;

    if (uncompressed_size == 0)
    {
        ccert->len = entries_size;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    tmp_size_32 = uncompressed_size;
    memcpy(out, &tmp_size_32, sizeof(uint32_t));
    out += sizeof(uint32_t);

    z.next_out = out;
    z.avail_out = compressed_size;

    for (i = 0; i < certs_count; ++i)
    {
        if (entries[i].type != ENTRY_COMPRESSED)
            continue;

        tmp_size_32 = lsquic_str_len(certs[i]);
        z.next_in = (uint8_t*)(&tmp_size_32);
        z.avail_in = sizeof(tmp_size_32);
        if (Z_OK != deflate(&z, Z_NO_FLUSH) || z.avail_in)
            goto err;
        z.next_in = (unsigned char *)lsquic_str_buf(certs[i]);
        z.avail_in = lsquic_str_len(certs[i]);
        if (Z_OK != deflate(&z, Z_NO_FLUSH) || z.avail_in)
            goto err;
    }

    z.avail_in = 0;
    if (Z_STREAM_END != deflate(&z, Z_FINISH))
        goto err;

    ccert->len = result_length - z.avail_out;

  cleanup:
    free(entries);
    if (dict)
        lsquic_str_delete(dict);
    if (uncompressed_size)
        deflateEnd(&z);
    return ccert;

  err:
    if (ccert)
        free(ccert);
    ccert = NULL;
    goto cleanup;
}


/* 0: ok */
int
lsquic_decompress_certs (const unsigned char *in, const unsigned char *in_end,
                     lsquic_str_t *cached_certs, size_t cached_certs_count,
                     lsquic_str_t **out_certs, size_t *out_certs_count)
{
    int ret;
    size_t i;
    uint8_t* uncompressed_data, *uncompressed_data_buf;
    lsquic_str_t *dict;
    uint32_t uncompressed_size;
    size_t count = *out_certs_count;
    cert_entry_t *entries;
    z_stream z;

    assert(*out_certs_count > 0 && *out_certs_count < 10000
            && "Call lsquic_get_certs_count() to get right certificates count first and make enough room for out_certs_count");

    if (count == 0 || count > 10000)
        return -1;

    dict = lsquic_str_new(NULL, 0);
    if (!dict)
        return -1;

    uncompressed_data_buf = NULL;
#ifdef WIN32
    uncompressed_data = NULL;
#endif
    entries = malloc(count * sizeof(cert_entry_t));
    if (!entries)
        goto err;

    ret = parse_entries(&in, in_end, cached_certs, cached_certs_count,
                  entries, out_certs, out_certs_count);
    if (ret)
        goto err;

    /* re-assign count with real valus */
    count = *out_certs_count;

    if (in < in_end)
    {
        if (in_end - in < (int)sizeof(uint32_t))
            goto err;

        memcpy(&uncompressed_size, in, sizeof(uncompressed_size));
        in += sizeof(uint32_t);
        /* XXX Is 128 KB an arbitrary limit or is there a reason behind it? */
        if (uncompressed_size > 128 * 1024)
            goto err;

        uncompressed_data_buf = uncompressed_data = malloc(uncompressed_size);
        if (!uncompressed_data)
            goto err;

        memset(&z, 0, sizeof(z));
        z.next_out  = uncompressed_data;
        z.avail_out = uncompressed_size;
        z.next_in   = (unsigned char *) in;
        z.avail_in  = in_end - in;

        if (Z_OK != inflateInit(&z))
            goto err;

        ret = inflate(&z, Z_FINISH);
        if (ret == Z_NEED_DICT)
        {
            lsquic_str_d(dict);
            make_zlib_dict_for_entries(entries, out_certs, count, dict);
            if (Z_OK != inflateSetDictionary(&z, (const unsigned char *)lsquic_str_buf(dict), lsquic_str_len(dict)))
                goto err;
            ret = inflate(&z, Z_FINISH);
        }

        if (Z_STREAM_END != ret || z.avail_out > 0 || z.avail_in > 0)
            goto err;
    }
    else
        uncompressed_size = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
    {
        switch (entries[i].type)
        {
          case ENTRY_COMPRESSED:
              if (uncompressed_size < sizeof(uint32_t))
                  goto err;
              lsquic_str_d(out_certs[i]);
              uint32_t cert_len;
              memcpy(&cert_len, uncompressed_data, sizeof(cert_len));
              uncompressed_data += sizeof(uint32_t);
              uncompressed_size -= sizeof(uint32_t);
              if (uncompressed_size < cert_len)
                  goto err;
              lsquic_str_append(out_certs[i], (const char *)uncompressed_data, cert_len);
              uncompressed_data += cert_len;
              uncompressed_size -= cert_len;
              break;
          case ENTRY_CACHED:
          case ENTRY_COMMON:
          default:
            break;
        }
    }

  cleanup:
    lsquic_str_delete(dict);
    free(entries);
    if (uncompressed_data_buf)
        inflateEnd(&z);
    free(uncompressed_data_buf);
    if (0 == uncompressed_size)
        return 0;
    else
        return -1;

  err:
    uncompressed_size = 1;  /* This triggers return -1 above */
    goto cleanup;
}


void
lsquic_crt_cleanup (void)
{
    if (s_ccsbuf)
    {
        lsquic_str_delete(s_ccsbuf);
        s_ccsbuf = NULL;
    }
}